GAD-7 Anxiety Scale

The GAD-7 asks seven questions about worry and tension over the last two weeks. Its total, from 0 to 21, screens for anxiety and shows how severe it is. Answer the questions to score it, see what each band means and which cutoff to use, and record the result with the free template.

  • Scores as you answer
  • Recording template to copy
  • Two recorded examples

GAD-7 result template

Free
GAD-7 ANXIETY SCREEN

Seen on: [Date and type of visit]
Client or patient: [Name or record number, age]
How given: [Self-completed on paper or a device, or read aloud; language and interpreter]
Why given: [New concern, routine screen, intake, or check on treatment]

RESULT
Answers to items 1 to 7: [Each answer as 0, 1, 2, or 3, in order]
GAD-7 total: [Sum out of 21]
Severity: [Minimal 0-4, mild 5-9, moderate 10-14, or severe 15-21]
Effect on daily life: [Answer to the difficulty question, if asked]
Highest items: [Symptoms that scored 2 or 3, such as worry that will not stop]

COMPARED WITH BEFORE
Earlier GAD-7 totals: [Each date with its total]
Direction: [Points gained or lost since the first score; meaningful change or remission if reached]

ASSESSMENT
What the interview found: [How long the worry has lasted, panic attacks, avoidance, trauma, sleep, physical causes checked]
Other screens: [PHQ-9 total with its item 9, alcohol or substance screen]
Working impression: [Diagnosis or screen result in words]

NEXT STEPS
Plan: [Therapy, medication, both, or monitoring; referrals]
Rescreen: [When the GAD-7 will be given again]

Recorded by: [Clinician name and role]

Score the GAD-7 as you answer.

Every item as published. The total and what it means update with each answer; nothing you choose leaves this page.

Over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following problems?

  1. 1.Feeling nervous, anxious or on edge

  2. 2.Not being able to stop or control worrying

  3. 3.Worrying too much about different things

  4. 4.Trouble relaxing

  5. 5.Being so restless that it is hard to sit still

  6. 6.Becoming easily annoyed or irritable

  7. 7.Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen

Use it for

  • Primary care visits
  • Counseling intake
  • Medication follow-up
  • Collaborative care
  • Telehealth check-ins

What the score means. 0 to 21.

0 to 4: Minimal

Few anxiety symptoms. The score alone doesn’t call for treatment; ask again if the worry returns.

5 to 9: Mild

Some anxiety. Find out what’s driving it, offer self-help or brief support, and score it again next visit.

10 to 14: Moderate

A clinically significant anxiety disorder is likely. Assess it in an interview and agree on therapy, medication, or both.

15 to 21: Severe

Active treatment is probably needed. Start therapy, medication, or both, and see the patient again soon.
  • Add the seven item scores for the total. The GAD-7 form has no difficulty question; some services add the PHQ family’s question on how much the problems get in the way, and record it apart from the total.
  • A total of 10 or more is the cutoff the authors recommend for further evaluation, and the usual one for likely generalized anxiety disorder.
  • Some services use 8 or more to pick up any anxiety disorder, including panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and PTSD, and accept more false positives in return.
  • At follow-up, a fall of 4 points or more is usually read as a real change, and a total under 5 as remission.
  • A high score says anxiety is likely, not which disorder it is; the interview decides that.

How to give it, score it, and read it.

Giving it

The patient fills it in alone, on paper or a screen, or you read it aloud. It takes about two minutes and asks about the last two weeks.

  • Hand it over before the visit starts, so the conversation doesn’t shape the answers
  • Read each item exactly as written when reading is hard, and use an official translation for other languages
  • Give the PHQ-9 at the same time: anxiety and depression often come together

Avoid: Explaining what an item “really means” while the patient answers. Paraphrasing shifts the answers and the score.

Scoring

Each item scores 0 to 3 by how often it happened; the seven together make a total from 0 to 21.

  • Write down all seven answers, not only the total
  • If your service adds the PHQ family’s difficulty question, record that answer apart from the total
  • Fill any gap before the patient leaves: a total with a missing item can’t be compared with the next one

Avoid: Adding the difficulty answer into the total. The range stops at 21.

Reading the score

Cutpoints at 5, 10, and 15 mark mild, moderate, and severe anxiety. The interview tells you which disorder, if any.

  • Ask how long the worry has lasted: generalized anxiety disorder needs excessive worry on more days than not for at least 6 months
  • Ask about panic attacks, avoiding social situations, and past trauma
  • Look for medical causes and substances: thyroid disease, caffeine, stimulants, alcohol or sedative withdrawal, some inhalers and decongestants

Avoid: Labeling every high score generalized anxiety disorder. Panic disorder, social anxiety, PTSD, and depression all raise it.

Choosing a cutoff

A total of 10 is the standard threshold. A lower line at 8 finds more people with any anxiety disorder, at the price of more false positives.

  • Use 10 when the question is generalized anxiety disorder
  • Consider 8 where missing panic, social anxiety, or PTSD costs more than extra assessments
  • Keep one cutoff across your service, so results mean the same thing from clinician to clinician

Avoid: Calling a 9 negative when the history points to panic attacks or trauma.

Tracking over time

Score it again every few weeks during treatment to see whether the plan is working.

  • Give it the same way each time, at about the same point in the visit
  • Read a fall of 4 points or more as real improvement, and a total under 5 as remission
  • Rethink the plan when the total hasn’t moved after about 8 weeks of treatment

Two recorded results. Every part, filled in.

Each one follows the recording template. Use them to judge how much to write.

GAD-7 result: severe anxiety at a first therapy session

Counseling practice, first session in person, form filled in on paper in the waiting room

Result

Answers 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 2, 2. Total 16, severe. Difficulty: very difficult. Highest: nervousness, worry he can’t stop, and worry about many different things.

Compared with before

First full GAD-7. His family physician recorded a GAD-2 of 4 last month and referred him.

Assessment

31-year-old man, an accountant. Constant worry for about 18 months about mistakes at work, money, and his parents’ health. Tight shoulders, lies awake an hour most nights, snaps at his partner. No panic attacks, no social avoidance, no trauma history. Five coffees a day; about 2 drinks a week. Thyroid tests normal in the summer. PHQ-9 today 8, item 9 at 0. Impression: generalized anxiety disorder.

Next steps

Agreed on CBT for generalized anxiety, 12 to 16 weekly sessions, starting with a worry log and a set worry time. He’ll cut down to two coffees a day. GAD-7 at every second session. If it hasn’t fallen at least 4 points by session 6, he’ll talk to his family physician about adding medication.

Common mistakes, and how to avoid them.

Reading under 10 as no anxiety

The cutoff of 10 was set for generalized anxiety disorder. People with panic disorder, social anxiety, or PTSD can score 7 or 8. Ask about panic and avoidance when the story fits.

Calling every high score GAD

The GAD-7 rises with any anxiety disorder, and with depression. Confirm the diagnosis in the interview, including how long the worry has lasted.

Missing a physical cause

An overactive thyroid, heavy caffeine, stimulants, and alcohol withdrawal can all look like anxiety. Check for them before you treat.

Screening for anxiety alone

The GAD-7 has no question on mood or suicide. Give the PHQ-9 too, and read its item 9 every time.

Where it comes from, and how you may use it.

Who holds it

Developed by Drs. Robert L. Spitzer, Janet B.W. Williams, Kurt Kroenke and colleagues, with an educational grant from Pfizer Inc.

How you may use it

It’s in the public domain: no permission is needed to reproduce, translate, display, or distribute it. The official form, its translations, and the instruction manual are on the PHQ Screeners site.

Say the score once. Review the note.

Vero Scribe records the GAD-7 result in your template from the session, with the patient’s consent, or from your dictation: the answers, the band, the change since last time, and the plan. You review and edit every line, then copy it into your record. Vero works in 60+ languages.

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Frequently asked questions.

How do you score the GAD-7?

Score each of the seven items 0 for not at all, 1 for several days, 2 for more than half the days, and 3 for nearly every day, then add them. The total runs from 0 to 21. The difficulty question isn’t part of the total.

What do GAD-7 scores mean?

The bands are 0 to 4 minimal, 5 to 9 mild, 10 to 14 moderate, and 15 to 21 severe anxiety. A score of 10 or more calls for a closer look, and 15 or more usually means active treatment is needed.

What is the GAD-7 cutoff for anxiety?

10 or more is the usual cutoff. In the original study it found generalized anxiety disorder with 89% sensitivity and 82% specificity. Some services use 8 or more to catch more people with panic disorder, social anxiety, or PTSD, and accept more false positives. The diagnosis still comes from an interview.

What’s the difference between the GAD-7 and the PHQ-9?

They share authors and the same answer scale, but measure different things. The GAD-7 measures anxiety in 7 items, scored 0 to 21. The PHQ-9 measures depression in 9 items, scored 0 to 27, and asks about thoughts of self-harm. They’re often given together because the two conditions overlap.

What is the GAD-2?

The first two GAD-7 items, on feeling nervous and on worry that won’t stop, scored 0 to 6. A score of 3 or more is followed by the full GAD-7 and an interview.

Who can give the GAD-7?

Anyone on the care team can hand it out, and most patients complete it on their own in a couple of minutes. A clinician reads the result, talks it through with the patient, and makes any diagnosis. It was validated in adult primary care, and studies support it in teenagers too.

Is the GAD-7 free to use?

Yes. It’s in the public domain, and no permission is needed to reproduce, translate, or share it. The official form and its translations are on the PHQ Screeners site, and the recording template on this page is free to copy or download.

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